Hindu Religious Thoughts

The Hindu religious thought embodies a variety of ideas, principles and practices, giving rise to various religious schools or ‘sampradayas’. Each school worships the Supreme Deity, which represents a particular aspect of the Ultimate Reality. Each school has temples,...

Hindu Scriptures

Hindu Scriptures are broadly classified into ‘Shruti’ (meaning ‘heard’), ‘Smriti’ (meaning ‘remembered’) and ‘nyaya’ (meaning ‘logic’) based on its origin, not on the mode of transmission. The Shruti scriptures are of divine origin, whose truths were directly revealed...

Evolution of the Hindu Dharma

The evolution of Hindu Dharma may be divided into three periods: the ancient (6500 B.C.-1000 A.D.), the medieval (1000-1800 A.D.) and the modern (1800 A.D. to the present). The Ancient Period is characterised by the worship of Shiva (Pashupati) during the Harappan...

Bhakti Movement

The foundation of the Bhakti Movement was laid in South India between the 7th and 12th century A.D. Several factors favoured the rise of the Bhakti Movement: (a) Hinduism became more ritualistic and dogmatic and was ridden by caste system, which alienated the lower...

Modern Hindu Renaissance

The Modern Hindu Renaissance (1800 A.D. onwards) came in response to the emergence of many social and religious vices in the Hindu society in India. Many leaders, saints, scholars, social and religious reformers came on to the scene and tried to bring the society back...

Caste Movements in India

Ezhava Movement: Ezhava Movement was started in the early 20th century by Narayan Guru, who belonged to the ‘Ezhavas’, an untouchable caste of Kerala, with the objective of fighting against the caste system. Justice Movement: Justice Movement was an intermediate caste...
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